Family violence

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Family violence the social phenomenon.

Family violence is a serious and dangerous phenomenon present all over the globe. It is a 'cultural universal', meaning that it is present in almost every society in the world (Levine and Gelles 81). According to Gelles and Cornell, family is defined as, "Acts that have the high potential for injuring the family member being hit. Included in this definition are punches, kicks, bites, choking, beatings, shootings or stabbings".

Family violence doesn't only involve the individual concerned, but affects society as a whole; therefore steps should be considered to treat the victims and formulate methods of prevention of this serious phenomenon that threatens the stability of any society. If the structure of family violence is examined, many questions will arise. What are the types of family violence? Why does family violence occur in the first place? Is violence due to nature or nurture? These are basic questions that need to be answered in order to take the first step to treat family violence.

Help with essay on family violence

Family violence dates back to the earliest times of history. In the Roman era, children were terribly abused, as they didn't have any rights at all. Child abuse was widely practiced and thus accepted. Robin points out that, "Infants could be put to death because they cried too much, because they were sickly or deformed, or because they had some perceived infection. Girls, twins and the children of unmarried women were the special targets of infanticide"(Gelles and Cornell 7). Also in the ancient Roman civilization, hitting the wife was a common act. The husband had full rights and control over the wife.

Types of family violence include child abuse, wife abuse, parent abuse, husband abuse and incest. Child abuse is a very dangerous type of family violence, and its consequences are devastating. Encarta Encyclopedia states that child abuse is, "Intentional acts that result in physical or emotional harm to children. It covers a wide range of behaviour, from actual physical assault by parents or caretakers to the neglect of the child's physical needs" (para 1). Child abuse includes neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse and sexual abuse. The most common form of child abuse is neglect. The child can either be physically neglected where the child does not receive enough food, clothes, shelter or medical care. Another form could be emotional neglect when the parents fail to fulfil the child's emotional needs such as providing love and care. The consequences of child abuse are terrible as an abused child can never grow up to be a normal balanced adult. Schmitt and Kempe point out that, "The consequences of violence and abuse may extend beyond the victim and beyond the home. Untreated abused children frequently grow up to e delinquents, murderers, and batterers of the next generation of children" (Gelles and Cornell 6).

Wife abuse is another form of family violence. It is only normal that a couple has minor fights and misunderstandings. According to Straus, Gelles and Steinmetz, "Conflict is an inevitable part of the human condition, including marriage", but the difference is that some conflicts are gradually transformed into different forms of family violence, such as hitting and physical force. The wife is usually viewed as the "most appropriate victim for intimate violence" (Gelles and Cornell). Wife abuse is the most common form of family violence for different reasons. Some women are reluctant to blame their husbands and face the problem, this leads them to leave the house. Other women think that this sort of violence is acceptable and that they may deserve it. Child abuse is more focused on than wife abuse, as wife abuse is more frequent and acceptable in societies that are dominated by men, rather than in those that support the idea of equality of the two sexes.

The Abused tend to have problems with low self-esteem, depression and anxiety. Most often, these feelings are the result of being in the abusive relationship, rather than the cause of it.

The effects of family violence include lowered self-esteem, guilt, anxiety, depression, feelings of hopelessness and shame. In some cases, women will suffer from PTSD. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is characterized by flashbacks, nightmares, sleep disturbances, bouts of uncontrollable crying, holes in memory, apathy, emotional numbness, feeling edgy and an inability

to concentrate.

Family violence in South Africa

The profound impact of family violence in South Africa cannot be underestimated. Violence impacts the victims, the witnesses and ultimately us all. And, sadly in todays South Africa, millions of women and children are raised in unstable and violent settings. Rape statistics reveal South Africas status as on of the rape centres of the world. The international crime statistics report (ICPO) of 14 indicated that South Africa had the highest rape ratio in the world. Abuse and violence appears to be a universal phenomenon, although anthropologists have recorded exceptional societies in which violence towards persons and women in particular is virtually nonexistent (Oakley, 181).

The discussion of endemic violence conveys the premise that such violence is widespread, common, and deeply entrenched in most societies. This is certainly the case in South Africa. So prevalent and widely tolerated is such violence that it has come to be perceived almost as the norm and to a large extent accepted rather than challenged. I will be discussing the violence toward women in the family in South Africa.

Statistics in the area of women abuse are notoriously difficult to establish largely because of under reporting. In January 1, South African Police Services child protection unit in KwaZulu-Natal received 0 reports of rape of children and teenagers less than 18 years alone. But statistics expose just a small extent of the crime. This is due to several factors the acceptance of such violence as normative by individuals and authorities, lack of confidence and trust in the police, the embarrassment women experience in describing assaults particularly of a sexual nature. Other factors include economic dependence on abusers, the fear of future retaliations, and the difficulty in obtaining convictions. Also, the cases that are not registered do not figure in criminal statistics. Together with the unreported ones, these cases make up the dark figure of covert crime. It is generally established that the incidence of violence directed at women in particular tends to reject the general level of violence expressed in any society. South African society in all its heterogeneity is an extremely violent society with levels of violence increasing rather than decreasing. It is not surprising that in this context violence against women is so prevalent.

Statistics on family violence are, if anything difficult to establish. Family violence takes place within an ideological context that views the family or household as the private sphere. Private and public sphere these terms have been central to many analyses. Private in this context has to be understood as the patriarchal family household. Western Feminists such as Mackinnon, 18 have pointed out that for the collective situation of women to change, women must project their experience of oppression in their private lives into the public sphere.

To conclude family violence is a major threat to any society because it results in the transformation of its victims into unstable people who are incapable of leading a normal life. For example, abused children can't grow up to be stable adults and serve their communities efficiently. Treatment of the victims of family violence should have high priority, and methods of prevention, such as laws for punishment of the guilty of family violence should be enforced properly, should be considered in order for us, as humans, to build a stable, strong and harmonious society.Please note that this sample paper on family violence is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on family violence, we are here to assist you. Your cheap college papers on family violence will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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