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MANDELA REPORT

Mandela of South Africa Nelson Mandela became president of

South Africa in 14. He is the countrys first black president.

He was elected by the countrys National Assembly. The

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Assembly had been chosen in South Africas first elections in

which the countrys blacks were allowed to vote. Blacks won a

majority of the Assembly seats, and the Assembly selected

Mandela as president. These developments marked the

beginning of a new era in South Africa. They resulted in blacks

gaining control of the government after a long period of

domination by the white minority. Since 11, Mandela had

served as president of the African National Congress (ANC), a

largely black group that opposed the South African

governments policy of rigid racial segregation called

apartheid(Connolly 000, 45). He had long been a leader of

protests against apartheid and was imprisoned in 16 on

charges of conspiring to overthrow the white-minority

government. While in prison, he became a symbol of the

struggle for racial justice. After being freed in 10, he led

negotiations with white leaders that eventually brought an end

to apartheid and established a nonracial system of

government(Katz 15, 10). Mandela and then-President F.

W. de Klerk of South Africa won the 1 Nobel Peace Prize.

They were honored for their work to end apartheid and to

enable the countrys nonwhites to fully participate in

government(Dell 15, 180). Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was

born in Umtata, in the Transkei territory of South Africa. His

father was a chief of the Xhosa-speaking Tembu tribe.

Mandela gave up his right to succeed his father and instead

prepared for a legal career. He attended the University College

of Fort Hare, studied law by correspondence at Witwatersrand

University, and received a law degree from the University of

South Africa in 14. That year, in Soweto, he and a friend

opened the first black law partnership in South Africa(Conolly

000, ). Mandela joined the ANC in 144 and helped form the

organizations Youth League. In 148, the South African

government established its policy of apartheid. The ANC called

for equality for all races and began leading open resistance to

the government. In 156, the government charged Mandela

with treason and other serious crimes, but he was found not

guilty in 161. The government had outlawed the ANC in 160,

but Mandela renewed the protests and went into hiding. One

night in 16 Nelson and Winnie were awakened by the South

African police.(Derenberg 11, 104). The police took Nelson

away to jail. . He was sentenced to life imprisonment. Nelson

was sent to Robben Island. That was the states most guarded

prison, ships couldnt come near it. It was considered a prison

that no one could escape from. In 18 and 184 headlines

started saying things like free Mandela and let Mandela

go. People wanted to free Nelson so much that the whole

world started to notice. Soon the United States and Great

Britain were naming streets and parks after him. Human rights

groups and universities were giving him honors and

awards(Conolly 000, 155). In 184 a reporter was allowed to

see Nelson for the first time. Nelson was offered his freedom in

185 by president Botha, but Nelson refused it. Botha said that

in order to go free Nelson had to agree to a lot of conditions

he had to live in the transkei and formally reject violence,

among others. Nelson refused(Steoff 10 168). In 18 F.W.

de Klerk became the president of South Africa instead of

Botha. In 10 de Klerk made some amazing statements The

ANC and sixty other organizations would be allowed to operate

legally. Restrictions on three hundred and seventy-four people

would be lifted. There would be a temporary halt to

executions. The national state of emergency would soon be

lifted. The government was committed to implementing a new

constitution with no domination. And I am now in a position to

announce that Mr. Nelson Mandela will be released at Victor

Verster Prison. . . . We would like Mr. Mandelas release to take

place in a dignified and orderly manner(Derenberg 11, 10).

On Sunday the 11th of February 10 at 415 Nelson Mandela

was finally free. He had been in jail for 7 years. After leaving

prison, Mandela agreed to suspend an armed struggle the ANC

had been waging against the South African government. Over

the objections of more radical ANC members, he urged

conciliation with South African President de Klerk and other

government leaders. He sought to obtain political power for the

countrys blacks in a peaceful way(Katz 15, ). In 10 and

11, the government repealed the laws that formed the legal

basis of apartheid. But Mandela also negotiated an end to

other forms of racial injustice, including laws that denied blacks

the right to vote in national and provincial elections. The first

truly open national elections in which all races could vote were

held in April 14. The ANC won a majority of the seats in the

countrys National Assembly, and Mandela became

president(Conolly 000, 145). After his release in 10 he

played a pivotal role as ANC president in negotiating the end ofPlease note that this sample paper on matrix is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on matrix, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on matrix will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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